Building roads, railways, schools, hospitals and such helps people get to work, helps businesses move goods, helps provide an educated workforce, helps keep the population fit. This is useful public investment. Whether it is always spent efficiently is another matter.
Public investment is made via private companies which leads to the creation of jobs and profits. Cut public investment and private companies have lower profits and employ fewer people. Hence a fall in public investment is bad news.
Perhaps those who hate the idea of public investment would prefer to have only fee paying schools, fee charging hospitals and GPs, toll roads and turnpike trusts or maybe pack horses? Perhaps they would like to move their manufactures by canal barge? After all canals were built by respectable, purely private investment.
After all, public investment is shocking, disgusting and immoral. Ask any senile fascist.