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Gifts from income to reduce - IHT but how to use capital
D Bergman
Posted: 12 November 2024 16:17:38(UTC)
#11

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On the question of whether Drawdown (or UFPLS) is considered income for the purposes of Gifts from Surplus income (or indeed if it is partly income and partly return of capital), HMRC could not give me any guidance.

I was given the "specialist" IHT department number, and they could not discuss anything as nobody had died yet. The employee told me that as what I was asking about amounted to tax planning, I should contact a tax specialist.

I replied that I thought that was what I was doing, but she didn't seem amused!

So if anyone else has information I would be grateful if you can share it.
6 users thanked D Bergman for this post.
Jay P on 12/11/2024(UTC), Rookie Investor on 12/11/2024(UTC), Dentmaster on 12/11/2024(UTC), bill xxxx on 13/11/2024(UTC), RT7 on 22/11/2024(UTC), SSJ on 27/11/2024(UTC)
Rookie Investor
Posted: 12 November 2024 16:20:20(UTC)
#12

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D Bergman;325427 wrote:
On the question of whether Drawdown (or UFPLS) is considered income for the purposes of Gifts from Surplus income (or indeed if it is partly income and partly return of capital), HMRC could not give me any guidance.

I was given the "specialist" IHT department number, and they could not discuss anything as nobody had died yet. The employee told me that as what I was asking about amounted to tax planning, I should contact a tax specialist.

I replied that I thought that was what I was doing, but she didn't seem amused!

So if anyone else has information I would be grateful if you can share it.


I spoke to an IFA recently ans he was adamant that draw downs from SIPPs is income included the 25% TFLS. I challenged him on it because I never read anything to confirm this even from HMRC, but he was still sure. I think he was chatting shit like a lot of IFAs do.

I suspect that this could all end up being a wild goose chase and nothing will ever come about to confirm it.

Except of course actual examples which probably a probate specialist or solicitor is best placed to answer based on actual cases.
2 users thanked Rookie Investor for this post.
D Bergman on 12/11/2024(UTC), SSJ on 27/11/2024(UTC)
D Bergman
Posted: 12 November 2024 17:57:08(UTC)
#13

Joined: 22/03/2018(UTC)
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Rookie Investor;325428 wrote:


I spoke to an IFA recently and he was adamant that draw downs from SIPPs is income included the 25% TFLS. I challenged him on it because I never read anything to confirm this even from HMRC, but he was still sure. I think he was chatting shit like a lot of IFAs do.

I suspect that this could all end up being a wild goose chase and nothing will ever come about to confirm it.

Except of course actual examples which probably a probate specialist or solicitor is best placed to answer based on actual cases.


The problem seems to be that there is almost no case law regarding this issue.
I have found 2 cases where HMRC did not accept Gifting from Surplus Income, solicitors appealed the decision and the Tax Commissioners accepted the appeals - both cases were on the question of how regular the gifts were and what were the intention of the benefactors. Both cases were in 2016.

I did ask a solicitor I know who specialises in Wills and has had experience with this and his guidance is to keep detailed records and leave "some money on the table" so if you have surplus income of, say, £20K per year and gift only £15K per year, it would be difficult for HMRC to argue.
But he had not ever heard of a case where HMRC had queried the source of the income, other than checking that it was indeed income and not capital.

Unless I can ascertain otherwise, I will work on the assumption that annuities and drawdown count as income. With any luck most of the gifts will fall out of the estate if I live long enough!

EDIT:
James Shackell of Nova (Octopus) financial planners has a new YouTube video about use of pensions, and he states that drawdown counts as income for gifting.
He tends to be very clear in his videos:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9YIw_WDNbzQ
3 users thanked D Bergman for this post.
bill xxxx on 12/11/2024(UTC), Rookie Investor on 12/11/2024(UTC), Dentmaster on 12/11/2024(UTC)
Rookie Investor
Posted: 12 November 2024 21:18:49(UTC)
#14

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D Bergman;325438 wrote:
Rookie Investor;325428 wrote:


I spoke to an IFA recently and he was adamant that draw downs from SIPPs is income included the 25% TFLS. I challenged him on it because I never read anything to confirm this even from HMRC, but he was still sure. I think he was chatting shit like a lot of IFAs do.

I suspect that this could all end up being a wild goose chase and nothing will ever come about to confirm it.

Except of course actual examples which probably a probate specialist or solicitor is best placed to answer based on actual cases.


The problem seems to be that there is almost no case law regarding this issue.
I have found 2 cases where HMRC did not accept Gifting from Surplus Income, solicitors appealed the decision and the Tax Commissioners accepted the appeals - both cases were on the question of how regular the gifts were and what were the intention of the benefactors. Both cases were in 2016.

I did ask a solicitor I know who specialises in Wills and has had experience with this and his guidance is to keep detailed records and leave "some money on the table" so if you have surplus income of, say, £20K per year and gift only £15K per year, it would be difficult for HMRC to argue.
But he had not ever heard of a case where HMRC had queried the source of the income, other than checking that it was indeed income and not capital.

Unless I can ascertain otherwise, I will work on the assumption that annuities and drawdown count as income. With any luck most of the gifts will fall out of the estate if I live long enough!

EDIT:
James Shackell of Nova (Octopus) financial planners has a new YouTube video about use of pensions, and he states that drawdown counts as income for gifting.
He tends to be very clear in his videos:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9YIw_WDNbzQ


Makes sense. Will do the same re parents drawing down to gift.

The question of 25% TFLS being also income remains but in any case if will be gifted so it is either the 7 year rule or excess income (the later used if death before 7 years).

The other question I had in mind is how regular (in terms of length of time needed to do this) and does the income need to be steady or can it be lumpy? Reason being is because one of my parents has a much smaller pension than the other. Unfortunately the smaller pension parent also has a lot more income potential at 20%.

Then there is the question of whether the income is apportioned according to how much from respective parents is drawn down. If it both hits a joint account and then gifted from I suppose it does not matter?
Geoff Fitz
Posted: 12 November 2024 22:32:36(UTC)
#19

Joined: 21/02/2024(UTC)
Posts: 82

This is really important.

'The question of 25% TFLS being also income remains but in any case if will be gifted so it is either the 7 year rule or excess income (the later used if death before 7 years).'

I was fortunate enough to have max TFLS, do have a good chunk. So are we saying that SIPP income + ISA/GIA dividends AND an amount of TFLS adds up to the income you wish plus say £15K, you then gift £1000/month so leaving 3K on the table and the gift is all IHT free? It would only be £9k IHT free from gifting and £3k from the allowance. This would make it rather simple, too simple. Also the TFLS would be in a GIA or ISA which would grow where would the TFLS finish and gained capital start.

Examples of where HMRC has contested gifting to eliminate IHT and has been successful (as earlier) would be very helpful. But suspect there have been few instances over the years but the potential in the future could be high.

This may also be of interest.

https://www.taxadviserma...ure-out-income-exemption
D Bergman
Posted: 13 November 2024 09:50:12(UTC)
#15

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Rookie Investor;325454 wrote:
D Bergman;325438 wrote:
Rookie Investor;325428 wrote:


I spoke to an IFA recently and he was adamant that draw downs from SIPPs is income included the 25% TFLS. I challenged him on it because I never read anything to confirm this even from HMRC, but he was still sure. I think he was chatting shit like a lot of IFAs do.

I suspect that this could all end up being a wild goose chase and nothing will ever come about to confirm it.

Except of course actual examples which probably a probate specialist or solicitor is best placed to answer based on actual cases.


The problem seems to be that there is almost no case law regarding this issue.
I have found 2 cases where HMRC did not accept Gifting from Surplus Income, solicitors appealed the decision and the Tax Commissioners accepted the appeals - both cases were on the question of how regular the gifts were and what were the intention of the benefactors. Both cases were in 2016.

I did ask a solicitor I know who specialises in Wills and has had experience with this and his guidance is to keep detailed records and leave "some money on the table" so if you have surplus income of, say, £20K per year and gift only £15K per year, it would be difficult for HMRC to argue.
But he had not ever heard of a case where HMRC had queried the source of the income, other than checking that it was indeed income and not capital.

Unless I can ascertain otherwise, I will work on the assumption that annuities and drawdown count as income. With any luck most of the gifts will fall out of the estate if I live long enough!

EDIT:
James Shackell of Nova (Octopus) financial planners has a new YouTube video about use of pensions, and he states that drawdown counts as income for gifting.
He tends to be very clear in his videos:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9YIw_WDNbzQ


Makes sense. Will do the same re parents drawing down to gift.

The question of 25% TFLS being also income remains but in any case if will be gifted so it is either the 7 year rule or excess income (the later used if death before 7 years).

The other question I had in mind is how regular (in terms of length of time needed to do this) and does the income need to be steady or can it be lumpy? Reason being is because one of my parents has a much smaller pension than the other. Unfortunately the smaller pension parent also has a lot more income potential at 20%.

Then there is the question of whether the income is apportioned according to how much from respective parents is drawn down. If it both hits a joint account and then gifted from I suppose it does not matter?


You have made three important points here; for what it's worth, this is the information I've been able to garner about them.

Regarding the TFLS, I suspect the following would be correct:
1. If you take the TFLS with regular drawdown income (ie, each payment of drawdown includes the 25% TFLS) then you can call the whole payment applicable income for Gifting from Surplus Income purposes.
2. However, if you take out the entire TFLS in one go, you would not be able to make regular gifts from that every year. Given that HMRC demands that gifts need to be seen as part of a regular pattern, that would fall foul of their regulations.
If you do want to gift a lump sum, I would suggest looking at what I am doing and buying a term life insurance to cover the IHT due on that gift.

HMRC accept that payments do not have to be exactly the same every year, as both income and expenditure can fluctuate, but the intention should be there. For example, a letter to your beneficiaries stating what you plan to do - and possibly why (in my case, paying nursery fees for grandchildren), will establish intention. There was a court case where HMRC had to accept gifting that only lasted one year because the benefactor had written what she was going to do, but then died before more gifts could be made.
Obviously keep any records (including spreadsheets of income/expenditure and correspondence) for your executers, and update annually.

Your last point is something that has been bothering me: As Gifting from Surplus Income is presented to HMRC after a death of one person, how can it be split between two benefactors? How would HMRC be expected to work out if it is all OK when they do not have details of surviving partner?
And how is household expenditure worked out for these purposes? - 50/50, or according to respective incomes?
I have no answer to this point and will probably have to consult an expert in the field - if I can find one!
1 user thanked D Bergman for this post.
Rookie Investor on 14/11/2024(UTC)
Rookie Investor
Posted: 14 November 2024 21:25:48(UTC)
#16

Joined: 09/12/2020(UTC)
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D Bergman;325502 wrote:
Rookie Investor;325454 wrote:
D Bergman;325438 wrote:
Rookie Investor;325428 wrote:


I spoke to an IFA recently and he was adamant that draw downs from SIPPs is income included the 25% TFLS. I challenged him on it because I never read anything to confirm this even from HMRC, but he was still sure. I think he was chatting shit like a lot of IFAs do.

I suspect that this could all end up being a wild goose chase and nothing will ever come about to confirm it.

Except of course actual examples which probably a probate specialist or solicitor is best placed to answer based on actual cases.


The problem seems to be that there is almost no case law regarding this issue.
I have found 2 cases where HMRC did not accept Gifting from Surplus Income, solicitors appealed the decision and the Tax Commissioners accepted the appeals - both cases were on the question of how regular the gifts were and what were the intention of the benefactors. Both cases were in 2016.

I did ask a solicitor I know who specialises in Wills and has had experience with this and his guidance is to keep detailed records and leave "some money on the table" so if you have surplus income of, say, £20K per year and gift only £15K per year, it would be difficult for HMRC to argue.
But he had not ever heard of a case where HMRC had queried the source of the income, other than checking that it was indeed income and not capital.

Unless I can ascertain otherwise, I will work on the assumption that annuities and drawdown count as income. With any luck most of the gifts will fall out of the estate if I live long enough!

EDIT:
James Shackell of Nova (Octopus) financial planners has a new YouTube video about use of pensions, and he states that drawdown counts as income for gifting.
He tends to be very clear in his videos:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9YIw_WDNbzQ


Makes sense. Will do the same re parents drawing down to gift.

The question of 25% TFLS being also income remains but in any case if will be gifted so it is either the 7 year rule or excess income (the later used if death before 7 years).

The other question I had in mind is how regular (in terms of length of time needed to do this) and does the income need to be steady or can it be lumpy? Reason being is because one of my parents has a much smaller pension than the other. Unfortunately the smaller pension parent also has a lot more income potential at 20%.

Then there is the question of whether the income is apportioned according to how much from respective parents is drawn down. If it both hits a joint account and then gifted from I suppose it does not matter?


You have made three important points here; for what it's worth, this is the information I've been able to garner about them.

Regarding the TFLS, I suspect the following would be correct:
1. If you take the TFLS with regular drawdown income (ie, each payment of drawdown includes the 25% TFLS) then you can call the whole payment applicable income for Gifting from Surplus Income purposes.
2. However, if you take out the entire TFLS in one go, you would not be able to make regular gifts from that every year. Given that HMRC demands that gifts need to be seen as part of a regular pattern, that would fall foul of their regulations.
If you do want to gift a lump sum, I would suggest looking at what I am doing and buying a term life insurance to cover the IHT due on that gift.

HMRC accept that payments do not have to be exactly the same every year, as both income and expenditure can fluctuate, but the intention should be there. For example, a letter to your beneficiaries stating what you plan to do - and possibly why (in my case, paying nursery fees for grandchildren), will establish intention. There was a court case where HMRC had to accept gifting that only lasted one year because the benefactor had written what she was going to do, but then died before more gifts could be made.
Obviously keep any records (including spreadsheets of income/expenditure and correspondence) for your executers, and update annually.

Your last point is something that has been bothering me: As Gifting from Surplus Income is presented to HMRC after a death of one person, how can it be split between two benefactors? How would HMRC be expected to work out if it is all OK when they do not have details of surviving partner?
And how is household expenditure worked out for these purposes? - 50/50, or according to respective incomes?
I have no answer to this point and will probably have to consult an expert in the field - if I can find one!


Thanks.

I would say your first two points regarding TFLS/ drawdown are what we should go by. An IFA confirmed this also who seems reputable and knowledgeable.

On your second paragraph, understand that there is some leeway on different incomes and expenditures year on year but I am wondering by how much in the case of income? As per my example one of my parents has a much smaller SIPP and drawing down up to higher rate would only take 2/3 years, after which the SIPP would be empty. Wondering if this falls foul with the regular gift requirement? Might only 2 or 3 years of gifts from this income be seen as lump sums therefore?

On your final para, I would imagine spending would be 50-50 but that is a total guess (so half of the total spending for the couple would be entered int he IHT403 form). For income, looking at the IHT403 form, it asks for the break down of the income received by the deceased person for each of the tax year the claim is made for. So it does look like, to me at least, the excess income is possible if the deceased's income alone is more than the 50% (or x%) share in the expenses. But these things still need confirming (expenses split 50-50 for e.g. and income reported only that is received by the deceased person).
Geoff Fitz
Posted: 14 November 2024 21:51:28(UTC)
#17

Joined: 21/02/2024(UTC)
Posts: 82

On your final para, I would imagine spending would be 50-50 but that is a total guess (so half of the total spending for the couple would be entered int he IHT403 form). For income, looking at the IHT403 form, it asks for the break down of the income received by the deceased person for each of the tax year the claim is made for. So it does look like, to me at least, the excess income is possible if the deceased's income alone is more than the 50% (or x%) share in the expenses. But these things still need confirming (expenses split 50-50 for e.g. and income reported only that is received by the deceased person).

Why would spending be 50:50? I have a much bigger pension than my wife it would be impossible for her to fund 50% of our outgoings. So I envisage filling in the form and having 70% of our outgoings on the form but drawing down 75% from the SIPP. I gift 5% but all out of income as I can't do it out of capital. My wife covers the remaining 30% of spend but needs a capital transfer from me to achieve it.

But this is where it gets very opaque. If i give my wife £15K per year to spend, out of my capital (ISA) on household outgoings but in her name I can see nothing which will stop me doing this and still being able to claim excess income gifting as capital transfers between spouses is unlimited and tax free with no stipulation on how you spend it.

If it was 50:50 as you suggested I could gift masses more but that is not representative of how we would operate our combined finances

Can anyone see an issue with this?
Rookie Investor
Posted: 14 November 2024 22:02:08(UTC)
#20

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This is something that needs clarification ASAP.

You have a couple A and B.
Total annual spending is £50k.
Person A net income (after tax) is £70k
Person B net income is £15k

Do we assume all costs are split 50-50 so person A can gift excess income of £70k - £25k = £45k?
While person B can not gift and would need to (at least seen by HMRC) as covering her share of costs from capital and thus no excess income that can be gifted?

Or do we assume costs are shared in proportion to the income received?
In which case 82% of costs should be covered by person A and the rest by person B. Both will then have excess income to gift in total of £70k + £15k - £50k = £35k?

That is quite a big difference between the two assumptions. Which is correct, or is it something else?
D Bergman
Posted: 14 November 2024 23:16:10(UTC)
#21

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On the points raised by the last two posters, I have decided that the question of how income and expenditure are divided between 2 members of a household (and indeed if we can combine them or each has to effectively gift from surplus income individually) is too important to me to leave to informed guesswork.
I am arranging a consultation with a specialist tax accountant (via my solicitor, who has used them for some time,).
Hopefully this will be worth the expense.

If I get any definitive answers I will post them, but this will take a few weeks.
8 users thanked D Bergman for this post.
Jay P on 14/11/2024(UTC), Geoff Fitz on 14/11/2024(UTC), bill xxxx on 15/11/2024(UTC), Newbie on 15/11/2024(UTC), Jonathan7 on 15/11/2024(UTC), Rookie Investor on 15/11/2024(UTC), Lindsay on 20/11/2024(UTC), SSJ on 27/11/2024(UTC)
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