Britannia the helmeted female warrior holding a trident and shield was an image first used by the Romans.
The Roman called this occupied province Britannia which became Anglia after one of the victorious invaders - the Angles, a Germanic tribe who settled during the 5th and 6th centuries. Around 1000 AD it morphed into Engla land, from which came England.
The British ethnicity or English ethnicity descended from the West German tribes (Angles, Saxons, Jutes) and the Celtic people who were collectively known as Anglo-Saxons. The Danish Vikings and the French-speaking Normans were later assimilated into British culture after their respective invasions of Britain.
English is a West Germanic language that originated from Ingvaeonic languages brought to Britain in the mid-5th to 7th centuries AD by Anglo-Saxon migrants.
Queen Victoria was the daughter of Prince Edward, Duke of Kent and Strathearn (the fourth son of King George III), and Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld. Victoria married her first cousin, Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha.
House of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha became Windsor as the result of anti-German feeling during the First World War - in 1917.
So, what does it mean to be English?